This is one question that arises in the clinic more often than any other question. The answer is simple, yet difficult to express in a way that satisfies western minds. There are multiple answers.
The Chinese have described a detailed and organized network of channels or meridians in the body. These conduits link the internal organs of the body with the exterior. The channels connect to each other forming a network throughout the entire body. This explains how we can press or needle a point on the hand and affect the face.
Our body creates somewhat predictable signs and symptoms when one or more of these channels has too much or not enough energy & blood coursing through it. Through well respected and detailed diagnostic testing an Oriental Medicine Practitioner can identify which of the meridians is eliciting the imbalance. They would then choose specific points to treat to help create more circulation in the channels, and then homeostasis is achieved again. The massage, needles, and/or herbs act on the body to remind a person’s energy how to flow more efficiently.
The body’s innate healing capacity is called into action when we stimulate the channels and these points. The improvement of the signs and symptoms serve as one feedback for the practitioner and patient as to the efficacy of the treatment. Practitioners will also listen to the pulse, feel the abdomen, and look at the tongue for changes. These diagnostic tools help a practitioner decide the prognosis and course of treatment.
Western medicine has a few explanations based on research. Please read the research that is happening at UVM about the role of fascia in acupuncture. http://www.uvm.edu/~annb/faculty/langevin/ This is very exciting work that is happening right in our backyard here in Vermont.
“Other experts believe that acupuncture works by transmitting signals via the fascia. Fascia is like a thin sheath that surrounds all of the body’s muscles. Some acupuncturists consider the meridians to represent myofascial chains – which helps explain why stimulating an acupuncture point in the lower leg can affect the back or other areas. Interestingly, research shows that acupuncture points have a lower electrical resistivity than surrounding areas. In a practical sense, the meridian system provides a navigable energetic map of the body for acupuncturists to locate and treat many conditions.” This quote was taken from http://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/acupuncture/hic_acupuncture.aspx
I hope that some of this information helps. Please post any comments or questions that you have.
In Health and Healing,
R. Scott Moylan